What does the prefix 'bi' indicate when used in a medical term?

The prefix 'bi' in medical terminology signifies the concept of two or both. This is derived from Latin, where 'bi-' translates directly to 'two.' It is commonly used in various medical terms to denote structures or conditions involving a pair. For example, 'bicuspid' refers to a tooth with two cusps, and 'bilateral' indicates something that affects both sides of the body. Understanding this prefix helps in the accurate interpretation of medical vocabulary, enabling better communication regarding diagnoses, conditions, and anatomical references. This clarity is especially important in medical contexts, where specificity can significantly impact treatment and understanding.